Like the United States, Brazil, and India, Nigeria is structured as a federation, a structure it inherited from its British colonial rulers. [8] In the years following the civil war, the Nigerian Armed Forces were halved in size from its post-war height to approximately 125,000 men. Federal Executive Council; 2. However, these plotters were eventually subdued. [9][10] Nigeria's Armed Forces would continue to remain an active element in combat operations throughout the African continent over the proceeding decades, with bobs It is called the State House of Assembly. in or register, Top Degrees Abdullahi Abacha, the 36-year-old son of the late Nigerian military dictator, Sani Abacha, is . Nigeria's Military Is Part of the Problem. Term: First Term (Week 2) National Mass Media Commission; 5. )tide and wave: 0% of total installed capacity (2020 est. note: data are in current year dollars$69.927 billion (2019 est.) Subsequently, 69 soldiers of different ranks were accused of treason and were subsequently executed by firing squad. The United States established diplomatic relations with Nigeria in 1960, following Nigeria's independence from the United Kingdom. Also, 3 soldiers were kidnapped in the course of the coup. The upper chamber, which is known as the Senate, consists of 109 members who are called senators. )government consumption: 5.8% (2017 est. 1861-1914 - Britain consolidates its hold over what it calls the Colony and Protectorate of Nigeria, governs through local leaders. Privacy Policy Nigerias population is projected to grow from more than 186 million people in 2016 to 392 million in 2050, becoming the worlds fourth most populous country. Western Africa, bordering the Gulf of Guinea, between Benin and Cameroon, total: 923,768 sq kmland: 910,768 sq kmwater: 13,000 sq km, about six times the size of Georgia; slightly more than twice the size of California, total: 4,477 kmborder countries (4): Benin 809 km; Cameroon 1,975 km; Chad 85 km; Niger 1,608 km, territorial sea: 12 nmexclusive economic zone: 200 nmcontinental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation, varies; equatorial in south, tropical in center, arid in north, southern lowlands merge into central hills and plateaus; mountains in southeast, plains in north, highest point: Chappal Waddi 2,419 mlowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 mmean elevation: 380 m, natural gas, petroleum, tin, iron ore, coal, limestone, niobium, lead, zinc, arable land, agricultural land: 78% (2018 est. There was a coup attempt during the Abacha led administration in 1995 and this led to the arrest and imprisonment of the likes of General Obasanjo, Major General Shehu Musa Yaradua and some other prominent soldiers. )refined petroleum consumption: 483,100 bbl/day (2019 est. )male: 6.9% (2020 est. It is too military in structure. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Passnownow.com digitally democratizes access to education content for Nigerian Students and Teachers. Three arms of government in Nigeria and their functions The Federal Executive The Federal Legislature The Judiciary Executive power President )consumption: 24,611,480,000 kWh (2019 est. Section 217-220 of the 1999 Constitution of Nigeria thus addresses the Nigerian Armed Forces: The Nigerian Army (NA) is the land branch of the Nigerian Armed Forces and the largest among the armed forces. Increased educational attainment, especially among women, and improvements in health care are needed to encourage and to better enable parents to opt for smaller families. As a way of forestalling any coup, he quickly established Supreme Military Council which was to manage affairs of the country. )carbon dioxide emissions: 120.37 megatons (2016 est. ), total: 65,313 (2020 est. The president appoints minister to each of the federal ministries. "[22], Training establishments in Nigeria include the prestigious officer entry: Nigerian Defence Academy at Kaduna, the Armed Forces Command and Staff College, Jaji, and the National War College at Abuja. The House of Assembly of each state consists of 3 x the total number of seats that state has in the House of Representatives. This tends to emanate from sub-state groups, often ethnic- or tribal-interest groups, which accuse the current larger state governments of subverting or ignoring the interests and necessities of the more local regions. )transmission/distribution losses: 4.713 billion kWh (2019 est. )industrial: 1.965 billion cubic meters (2017 est. It has seen its changes to military regime to democracy era, including the good and bad sides of these regimes. )geothermal: 0% of total installed capacity (2020 est. It is always recommended to visit an institution's official website for more information. Constitution: Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria. N.J. Miners, The Nigerian Army 195666, Methuen and Co. Ltd, London, 1971. Conflicttriggered by political competition and communal, ethnic, religious or resource allocation rivalriesposes a major threat to democracy. ), cassava, yams, maize, oil palm fruit, rice, vegetables, sorghum, groundnuts, fruit, sweet potatoes, crude oil, coal, tin, columbite; rubber products, wood; hides and skins, textiles, cement and other construction materials, food products, footwear, chemicals, fertilizer, printing, ceramics, steel, agriculture: 70%industry: 10%services: 20% (1999 est. In 2007, the Air Force had a strength of 10,000. Thank you. It was usually presided over by the Chief of Staff supreme headquarters. One of the senior Army officers at that time, General Johnson Aguiyi-Ironsi had used the coup as an opportunity and he was able to annex power to become the first military head of State. Registration of birth, death, and marriage certificates (take a look at your birth certificate, now you understand, right?). ADERIBIGBE/Benedict Elide ODIASEnote: adopted 1978; lyrics are a mixture of the five top entries in a national contest, total World Heritage Sites: 2 (both cultural)selected World Heritage Site locales: Sukur Cultural Landscape; Osun-Osogbo Sacred Grove, one of the largest West African economies; oil-dependent exports, revenues, and credit; COVID-19 and oil price shocks have resulted in slowing growth, high inflation, increasing unemployment; frequent disruptions due to political instability, especially in the north, $1.05 trillion (2021 est. Interestingly, the Ernest Shonekan led administration had been set up as an interim government due to pressures on the Babangida led administration from both international and local quarters. National and state elections in 2011 and 2015 were generally regarded as credible. Protection of lives and properties of its citizens. The top 5 citizens of Nigeria are: Ever wondered how governments raise and spend money? Cookies are small files that are stored on your browser. ), -$1.849 billion (2021 est. Prior to this coup, many of the high ranking officials in the military felt that the first coup had been carried out to favour the Igbo people. Careers, GPA Calculator Since then, in its top-level positions, the country has been ruled by military or police officers, with one solitary civilian governor in the Ibo East Central State. Nigeria is divided administratively into the Federal Capital Territory (Abuja) and 36 states, which are organized into the following six geo-political zones: South-West ZoneLagos, Ekiti, Ogun, Ondo, Oshun, and Oyo; South-South ZoneAkwa, Bayelsa, Cross River, Delta, Edo, Ibom, and Rivers; South-East ZoneAbia, Anambra, Ebonyi, Enugu, and Imo; The Army has demonstrated its capability to mobilize, deploy, and sustain brigade-sized forces in support of peacekeeping operations in Liberia. Immigration largely of West Africans continues to be insufficient to offset emigration and the loss of highly skilled workers. The Nigerian army is headed currently by Major General Farouk Yahaya, who was appointed by President Muhammadu Buhari. The state governments receive more than half their money from federal government and also collects taxes. The governor assigns public responsibilities to his commissioners and advisers, to help in serving the state better. )investment in fixed capital: 14.8% (2017 est. )subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 99 (2020 est. The Structure of Military Rule in Nigeria The Head of State/President The Supreme Military Council (SMC); the Armed Forces Ruling Council (AFRC) The National Council States The Council of Ministers The Judiciary The Civil Service D. Achievements of the Military Rule in Nigeria Infrastructural developments e.g. The governor is the Chief pilot of the state plane, and has the power to appoint the rest of his cabin crew, which are the commissioners and advisers (unlike the federal level where they are called ministers). The State House of Assembly consists of representatives from all local government areas within that state. I think you should know that according to Wikipedia, the major cause of federalism in Nigeria is the demand for the creation of newer states in Nigeria. ), improved: urban: 95.3% of populationrural: 68.8% of populationtotal: 82.6% of populationunimproved: urban: 4.7% of populationrural: 31.2% of populationtotal: 17.4% of population (2020 est. Students preparing for Government examination (WAEC/NECO/GCE) are advised to read ahead without been limited by a timetable. Even when there are less than 36 ministries, a minister is assisted by one or more minister of state (all in a bid to ensure the 36 states representation). 1850s - British establish presence around Lagos. The Nigerian Air Force was formally established in January 1964, with technical assistance from West Germany. There are 774 local government areas in the Nigerian government structure, with Kano having the largest number of 44 and the smallest number of 9 belonging to Bayelsa state. )13.25% (2020 est. These divisions are referred to as the 3 tiers of government and the Nigerian government is divided into three levels which include: Now, lets quickly talk about these three tiers of government in Nigeria. )0.6% of GDP (2020 est. )other: 12.5% (2018 est. ), total subscriptions: 204,228,678 (2020 est. The local government reforms of that year made some fundamental changes in the structure, The Nigerian Police Force and troops have participated in: Nigerian officers have served as Chiefs of Defence in other countries, with Brigadier General Maxwell Khobe, serving as Sierra Leone Chief of Staff in 19981999,[44] and Nigerian officers acting as Command Officer-in-Charge of the Armed Forces of Liberia from at least, 2007. It operates as a federal republic, with governmental powers divided between executive, legislative, and judicial branches. )19.6% of GDP (2016 est. However, the coup led to greater problems for the country. In 1999, a new constitution was adopted and a peaceful transition to civilian government was completed. Nonetheless, Ibrahim Babangida handed over to a civilian government which was headed by Chief Ernest Shonekan on the 26thof August, 1993. ), urban population: 54.3% of total population (2023)rate of urbanization: 3.92% annual rate of change (2020-25 est. Government Structure In 1999, after decades of intermittent military control, Nigeria adopted constitutional reforms that reinstated a civilian government. The NCNC, now headed by Azikiwe (who had taken control after Macaulay's death in 1946), formed a coalition with Balewa's NPC after neither party won a majority in the 1959 elections. ), total population: 61.79 yearsmale: 59.93 yearsfemale: 63.75 years (2023 est. This system features the 3 tiers of government (also known as levels of government), the arms of government (or branches of government), with leadership structure identifying the top 4 citizens. The 30-month long civil war, which ended in January 1970, resulted in 1-3 million . "The Politics of Nigerian Foreign Policy: The Ratification and Renunciation of the Anglo-Nigerian Defence Agreement." Anglophone ECOWAS members established ECOMOG, dominated by the Nigerian Army in 1990, to intervene in the civil war in Liberia. It is the legislative branch at the state level of the Nigerian government structure. The judiciary branch comprises of the Supreme Court of Nigeria which presides over the Federal Courts (the court of appeal, the sharia court of appeal of FCT, the federal high court, the customary court of appeal and the high court of the FCT), State Courts (the high court, the sharia court of appeal, and the customary court of appeal), and Election Tribunals. The following is a list of the military presidents that ruled Nigeria in the past: "Military Rule in Nigeria: History, Advantages & Disadvantages" by Abass, Nigerianfinder. (3) The composition of the officer corps and other ranks of the armed forces of the Federation shall reflect the federal character of Nigeria. formal Government Structure for Real Governance Impact in Nigeria By Samson R. Akinola, PhD1 and Ayo Adesopo, PhD2 . By 2021, the number of the Air Force personnel had increased to 18,000. )8.53% (2019 est. )solar: 0.2% of total installed capacity (2020 est. There were several failed coups. Also Read: The history of Abuja How it was created. Shortly after its formation, the NAF was engaged in combat operations against the secessionist state of Biafra, during the Nigerian Civil War from 1967 to 1970. These federal ministries are civil service departments responsible for carrying out different types of government services. Age structure 0-14 years: 40.69% (male 47,978,838/female 45,940,446) 15-64 years: 55.95% (male 64,923,147/female 64,241,948) 65 years and over: 3.36% (2023 est.) Establishment, maintenance, and regulation of markets, motor parks, etc. )9.71% (2020 est. Nigeria also has pursued a policy of developing domestic training and military production capabilities. This coup was led by Major General Gideon Orkah but it failed again. Nigeria is a Rentier state. Nigerias sustained high population growth rate will continue for the foreseeable future because of population momentum and its high birth rate. The masses should be given political education so as to be able to fight for their right when it is being infringed upon. )methane emissions: 143.99 megatons (2020 est. Increase in the rate of crime in the country. Each local government area is governed by a local government council. Nigeria needs to harness the potential of its burgeoning youth population in order to boost economic development, reduce widespread poverty, and channel large numbers of unemployed youth into productive activities and away from ongoing religious and ethnic violence. government nearer to the people (most especially people in the rural areas) has prompted the Federal Government of Nigeria to introduce a number of significant reform measures to local government administration, particularly since 1976. Suitable For: Students & Teachers The executive arm, also known as the cabinet, is divided into over 15 federal ministries. )permanent crops: 7.4% (2018 est. The lower chamber is known as the House of Representatives. Visit the Definitions and Notes page to view a description of each topic. The military history of Nigeria since the colonial rule began precisely on the 1 st October 1966. Likewise, Nigeria has been engaged in a long-running anti-piracy campaign in the Niger Delta, which has threatened the vital petroleum industry in the country, which is the source of 90% of Nigeria's exports and 35% of the government's revenue. It starts with the three tiers of government in Nigeria. Idang, Gordon J. )$5,100 (2019 est. Nigeria's default on the issues of democracy and/or good governance and human rights, strained, without a shadow of a doubt, the relationship between the country's civil society, the international community and the Nigerian state under General Sani Abacha. [30], There is a Joint Task Force in the Niger Delta region designated-- "Restore Hope". The president appoints his ministers; and these ministers make up his cabinet. The federal government raises funds through taxing people and businesses. Emblem of the Nigerian Armed Forces by service branches. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Supreme military council was created by Muhammed Buhari while Muritala Muhammed. Im just going to give a quick list here. 1922 - Part of . Your browser seems to have Javascript disabled. Like, comment, and share, Wow, very detailed, very good work. Nigeria is a republic with a federal democracy and an executive president. [33][34][35] This doctrine of African military intervention by Nigeria is sometimes called Pax Nigeriana.[36]. )$4,900 (2020 est. (ret.) Its decrees could not be challenged in any law court. Be the first to know about new content and opportunities, Reasons for Military Intervention In Nigeria, The Structure of Military Rule in Nigeria, The Weakness or Failure of Military Regime in Nigeria, The Military is hierarchical and centralised, It monopolises the instruments of violence, There is fusion of the executive and legislative arms of the Government, Involvement of civilians in the administration, Discipline and obedience to higher commands, Disputes over 1962 and 1963 census results, Allegation of corruption, nepotism etc among politicians, Low level of honest and reliable leadership, The Supreme Military Council (SMC); the Armed Forces Ruling Council (AFRC), Infrastructural developments e.g.
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