[35][36] These dictatorships often emerge either from loosely organized seizures of power, giving the leader opportunity to consolidate power, or from democratically elected leaders in countries with weak institutions, giving the leader opportunity to change the constitution. Democracies and Dictatorships in Latin America Military dictatorship | Military Wiki | Fandom Some of the principal drivers of indoctrination are mass education policies, propaganda, and censorship. During his reign of terror, about 30,000 Haitians are estimated to have been assassinated, while thousands - mostly intelligence fled the country. - Quora Answer (1 of 66): I will give the country names as well as who the dictator is. He responded by ordering the confiscation of food, impossible farming yield quotas, banning private farming for substenance, and introducing internal passports and residency permits, which prevented villagers from seeking food elsewhere. For democracies, it categorizes them into three types: parliamentary, semi-presidential and presidential democracies. Many of these governments fell under the control of caudillos, or personalist dictators. The communist and fascist dictatorships that arose in various technologically advanced countries in the first half of the 20th century were distinctively different from the authoritarian regimes of Latin America or the postcolonial dictatorships of Africa and Asia. and "Which country has a dictatorship as its form of leadership?" Epidemic of First World War After the first world war, countries got disturbed to conduct democratic governments and managements. Today, there are only five communist states, some of which are struggling to hold on to communism. Korea experienced military dictatorships under the rule of Yeon Gaesomun in the 7th century[58] and under the rule of the Goryeo military regime in the 12th and 13th centuries. Poverty alleviation in these 10 dictatorship countries is in some cases associated with human rights abuses, violent crackdowns on the political opposition and indigenous people. [25], One-party dictatorships are governments in which a single political party dominates politics. Single-party dictatorships were most common during the Cold War, with dominant-party dictatorships becoming more common after the fall of the Soviet Union. [52], Dictatorship is historically associated with the Ancient Greek concept of tyranny, and several ancient Greek rulers have been described as "tyrants" that are comparable to modern dictators. [87], The decolonisation of Africa prompted the creation of new governments, many of which became dictatorships in the 1960s and 1970s. [147] The use of violence by a dictator is frequently most severe during the first few years of a dictatorship, because the regime has not yet solidified its rule and more detailed information for targeted coercion is not yet available. Marxist one-party states are sometimes distinguished from other one-party states, but they function similarly. What countries are currently ruled by dictatorships? Adolf Hitler known for his Nazi party and the barbarities and fierceness during his autocracy rule. Political control is any tactic through which the state seeks to gain compliance from society. Syria - Well, it depends. For dictatorships, monarchic, military and civilian dictatorship. The table below offers a full list of which countries are what type of democracy. Most of them are characterized by a single leader with either no party or one that is weak. Preference falsification, Internal politics, data scarcity, and restriction of media are just a few examples of the dangers of a personalistic authoritarian regime. Personalistic dictatorships: 4. The Deadliest Dictator Regimes In History - WorldAtlas The relations between the countries were strained by Soviet attempts to influence Yugoslavia, leading to the TitoStalin split in 1948. They are often unstable, and the average duration of a military dictatorship is only five years, but they are often followed by additional military coups and military dictatorships. Argentina and Mexico are the countries with Dictatorship as a government form. Infiltration involves disseminating individuals loyal to the dictatorship and its ideals across civil society and local community elites. [62][63][64] Maximilien Robespierre has been similarly described as a dictator while he controlled the National Convention in France and carried out the Reign of Terror in 1793 and 1794. 10 Absolute Worst African Dictators - Afrikanza This world dictators list has everyone from Adolf Hitler to Kim Jong Un to many lesser-known rulers. The economic focus of a dictatorship often depends on the strength of the opposition, as a weaker opposition allows a dictator to extract additional wealth from the economy through corruption.[125]. [123] The form of government does not correlate with the amount of economic growth, and dictatorships on average grow at the same rate as democracies, though dictatorships have been found to have larger fluctuations. Many countries today are still under a dictatorship, including: Cambodia China North Korea Russia And many more! 10 Biggest Countries Ruled by Dictators - Insider Monkey In fact, most dictators adopt common appellations such as "President" or "Prime Minister", so they must be identified via their actions and policies rather than their title. [89] Military coups were also a common occurrence after decolonisation, with 14 African countries experiencing at least three successful military coups between 1959 and 2001. Organizations that maintain moral authority with the public, such as the Church, are often the most targeted by infiltration. The dictator maintains control by influencing and appeasing the inner circle while repressing any opposition, which may include rival political parties, armed resistance, or disloyal members of the inner circle. Economies based on natural resources allow dictators more power, as they can easily extract rents without strengthening or cooperating with other institutions. Dictatorships suffer from an obvious and significant imbalance of power. It is the seventh largest country in Africa, and is bordered by Namibia on the south, the Democratic Republic of the Congo on the north, and Zambia on the east; its west coast is on the Atlantic Ocean and Luanda is its capital city. Dominant-party dictatorships or electoral authoritarian dictatorships are one-party dictatorships in which opposition parties are nominally legal but cannot meaningfully influence government. [32], One-party dictatorships became prominent in Asia and Eastern Europe during the Cold War as communist governments were installed in several countries. [104] A one-party communist dictatorship was formed in Cuba when a US-backed dictatorship was overthrown in the Cuban Revolution, creating the only Soviet-backed dictatorship in the western hemisphere. [1]:70. [50] Monarchies allow for strict rules of succession that produce a peaceful transfer of power on the monarch's death, but this can also result in succession disputes if multiple members of the royal family claim a right to succeed. [26], A dictatorship may fall because of a military coup, foreign intervention, negotiation, or popular revolution. Democracy and Dictatorship: Conceptualization and Measurement", "Democracy and Dictatorship: Conceptualization and Measurement", Divergent Incentives for Dictators: Domestic Institutions and (International Promises Not to) Torture, "Cooperation, Cooptation, and Rebellion Under Dictatorships", "How Foreign Aid Can Foster Democratization in Authoritarian Regimes", "Tyrants and Terrorism: Why Some Autocrats are Terrorized While Others are Not", "Dictatorship: Modern Tyranny Between Leviathan and Behemoth (Version 2.0) (english version)", 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198716204.001.0001, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dictatorship&oldid=1142733963, Short description is different from Wikidata, Pages using sidebar with the child parameter, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0. scholarly analysis of Mussolini, Hitler, Stalin and Mao, as well as Kim Il-sung of North Korea; Franois Duvalier, or Papa Doc, of Haiti; Nicolae Ceauescu of Romania; and Mengistu Haile Mariam of Ethiopia. Some have been in power for decades, such as President Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo of Equatorial New Guinea. For example, DD could classify a country which has a legislative assembly whose official name is "the parliament" but still classify it in any of the three categories. [129], Several factors determine the stability of a dictatorship, and they must maintain some degree of popular support to prevent resistance groups from growing. There are many countries that can be considered dictatorships, including North Korea, Cuba, and Venezuela. Those who believe that he is a dictator argue that he imprisons his opponents, removed freedom of speechthe press can only publish what he allows them toand has restructured the government to give himself more and longer-lasting power. Single-party dictatorships: 5. [4] Though the most recent data set is only updated for 2008, there is planning by Cheibub to update it to the present year. [54][55] The concept of "dictator" was first developed during the Roman Republic. Current dictatorships include Russia, Equatorial New Guinea, and North Korea. This may sound like a contradiction of terms to many people. Whether or not Putin is a dictator is a matter of some debate. List of 19 Main Pros and Cons of Dictatorships - ConnectUS Click to visit dictatorship | Definition, Characteristics, Countries Infamous dictators of the world are often thought of as tyrants - leaders who rule with iron fists, cruelty, unflinching authority, and a lack of opposition. What are the countries with a democracy government? [74] The Bolsheviks consolidated power by 1922, forming the Soviet Union. Those against dictatorship say personal rights are severely restricted, the system is generally based on force and violence, and it demands complete obedience. This makes it distinct from constitutional monarchy and ceremonial monarchy. However, a political rights score of 6 or 7 corresponds most closely with our definition of dictatorship, based on Freedom House's characterization: 6 Countries and territories with a rating of 6 have very restricted political rights. [6], The opposition to a dictatorship represents all of the factions that are not part of the dictatorship and anyone that does not support the regime. He arose to power in Italy in 1922, following the so-called 'March on Rome', in which his . Latin America's new generation of dictators - DW - 01/12/2022 In the latter half of the 20th century, Latin America witnessed a rise in authoritarian regimes across the expanse of the regionoften with multiple dictators following different political . Rwanda - 1994 to present - Paul Kagame. [19], Military dictatorships are regimes in which military officers hold power, determine who will lead the country, and exercise influence over policy. Functioning of government: 3.57. This article focuses on the five communist countries that are still adherent to Marxism-Leninism. The dictator is the absolute ruler. Giving ultimate power and control to just one person is not ideal, as it can lead to future unrest and problems. These movements supported pan-Arab Nasserism during most of the Cold War, but they were largely replaced by Islamic nationalism by the 1980s. The Portuguese were present in some mostly coastal points of the territory of what is now Angola from the 16th century, interacting in diverse ways with the peoples who lived there. [93] Chiang Kai-shek continued to rule as dictator of the National government's rump state in Taiwan until his death in 1975. Brion Donal Cinhil Urien Haldane, 25th king of Gwynedd, reigned 1095 to 1120. Dictators typically retain their power by silencing any opposition to their rulings and guidelines. In the former, for example, the President must appoint as Prime Minister the leader of the largest party in parliament, who has three days to gain the confidence of a majority thereof. "Tyrants, the World's 20 Worst Living Dictators", by David Wallechinsky, ranked Biya together with three others mainly in sub-Saharan Africa: Robert Mugabe of Zimbabwe, Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo of Equatorial Guinea, and King Mswati of Swaziland. This page was last edited on 26 February 2023, at 12:26. The leader may be supported by a party or military, but still retains the overwhelming majority of power, especially regarding whom to place in which governmental roles, and relies heavily upon their own charisma to maintain control. [73], The first communist state was created by Vladimir Lenin and the Bolsheviks with the establishment of Soviet Russia during the Russian Revolution in 1917. [90] These new African governments were marked by severe instability, which provided opportunities for regime change and made fair elections a rare occurrence on the continent. [56] At least 85 such dictators were chosen over the course of the Roman Republic, the last of which was chosen to wage the Second Punic War. [145] Dictatorships may hold semi-competitive elections to qualify for foreign aid, to demonstrate a dictator's control over the government, or to incentivize the party to expand its information-gathering capacity, particularly at the local level. The dictator of Italy from 1925 to 1945, Benito Mussolini founded the Fascist Party in 1919. As of early 2022, the countries of Afghanistan, Eritrea, North Korea, and Turkmenistan are the only nations in the world whose governments are generally considered to be totalitarian dictatorships. [126] For dictatorships, societal compliance is necessary for the ruling entity to maintain its desired order, laws, revenue, and policies. Changing Human Nature Needs a "Dictatorship of the Proletariat" . Poverty has a destabilizing effect on government, causing democracy to fail and regimes to fall more often. Exceptions to the pattern of poverty in dictatorships include oil-rich Middle Eastern dictatorships and the East Asian Tigers during their periods of dictatorship. The totalitarian dictatorship in the People's Republic of China , from 1949 to the present. The Democracy-Dictatorship Index has the main regime types of "democracy" and "dictatorship" and three sub-types for each as well. Dictatorships have arisen throughout history, usually in times of crisis. [98], During World War II, many countries of Central and Eastern Europe had been occupied by the Soviet Union. Africa has several long-standing dictators despite the fact that the continent as a whole is quite volatile politically. [67] In Europe it was often thought of in terms of Bonapartism and Caesarism, with the former describing the military rule of Napoleon and the latter describing the imperial rule of Napoleon III in the vein of Julius Caesar. People who are for dictatorship say it provides for a more stable government, helps abolish corruption, and is more efficient in emergencies. Though the most recent data set is only updated for 2008, there is planning by Cheibub to update it to the . In Germany, the head of state is elected by regional legislatures and not popularly elected. People living under a dictatorship are often persecuted for unethical reasons, including their religion, sexual orientation, or economic status. The name a democracy gives itself or its office does not indicate what type of democracy it is. Dictatorship Countries 2022 - World Populace [41], Personalist dictatorships fit the exact classic stereotype of authoritarian rule. While Latin America, Asia, and Africa were already dictatorship countries, they differed from the dictatorships formed in what became known as the Eastern Bloc. Dictatorship - Definition, Examples, Cases, Processes - Legal Dictionary Other factors associated with military coups include extensive natural resources, limited use of the military internationally, and use of the military as an oppressive force domestically. [107] Dictatorships are often recipients of foreign aid on the condition that they make advances toward democratization. 15 worst dictators of 20th century and their horrific massacres [119][120][121][122], Most dictatorships exist in countries with high levels of poverty. Mussolini abolished democracy in Italy in 1922 and became a dictator. Binary measure of democracy and dictatorship, Six-fold regime classification scheme and its rules, Comparison with other democracy-measuring data sets, Studies in Comparative International Development, "Minimalist Conception of Democracy: A Defense", Przeworski, Alvarez, Cheibub, and Limongi: Democracy and development, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Democracy-Dictatorship_Index&oldid=1141715357, All articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases, Articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases from February 2023, Wikipedia articles needing clarification from January 2023, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0. Several dictatorships have persisted into the 21st century, particularly in Africa and Asia. The 20th century saw the rise of fascist and communist dictatorships in Europe; fascism was eradicated in the aftermath of World War II in 1945, while communism spread to other continents, maintaining prominence until the end of the Cold War in 1991. Miguel Daz-Canel, the son of Ral Castro who replaced him as president of Cuba, has kept the dictatorship structure in place that was established by Fidel Castro during the Cuban revolution. Dictatorships that fail to repress the opposition are susceptible to collapse through a coup or a revolution. Parties formed after the seizure of power often have little influence and only exist to serve the dictator. However, since they might also give up power willingly, the regime is marked with a type II value to signal potential classification errors where a democratic regime may be falsely classified as dictatorship. They are in civil war, but the dictator is. List of Cons of Dictatorships. Dictatorship Countries And Their Leaders | Countries Ruled by Dictators | 2019 Rankings On Time 1.62K subscribers 95K views 3 years ago Dictatorship Countries And Their Leaders | Countries Ruled. Military dictators may also be less trusting or diplomatic and underestimate the use of bargaining and compromise in politics. 10 African countries That are currently ruled by dictators. [126] Some of the most ruthless examples of repression in recent history were repression by hunger. Imelda Marcos was the wife of Ferdinand Marcos, who ruled over the . If it is, then a further distinction is made between democracies where the head of state is popularly elected and those where the head of state is not popularly elected. Dictators often employ illegal and/or immoral methods to maintain their power and control, including the use of secret police, indefinite arrests, and concentration camps. Repression can encompass actual or threatened physical violence such as arrests, assassinations, torture, beatings, disappearances, mass killings, and forced exile. Monarchies may be dynastic, in which the royal family serves as a ruling institution similar to a political party in a one-party state, or they may be non-dynastic, in which the monarch rules independently of the royal family as a personalist dictator. [45] Although, when it comes to polling and elections a dictator could use his power to override private preferences. Key dictators from 20th century Latin America Latin American Dictators - Leaders in Complete Control - ThoughtCo [79] Fascism developed in Europe as a rejection of liberalism, socialism, and modernism, and the first fascist political parties formed in the 1920s. [141] Should a dictatorship fail, elections also permit dictators and elites to accept defeat without fearing violent recourse. Indeed, the 20th century, which witnessed the careers of Atatrk, Benito Mussolini, Adolf Hitler, Joseph Stalin, Francisco Franco, Mao Tse-tung, Juan Pern, Tito, Gamal Abdel Nasser, Sukarno, Kwame Nkrumah, and Charles de Gaulle, could appear in history as the age of plebiscitary dictatorship. [135] Negotiated removals are more likely to end in democracy, while removals by force are more likely to result in a new dictatorial regime. ( 1, 2, 3) 5 Paul Kagame, the 60-year-old President of Rwanda, has been in power since 1994 when his rebel army ended the genocide which had killed 800,000 people. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. the dictatorship of the proletariat had to be preserved in the socialist countries to assure that the reeducated minds of the workers already lucky enough to live under socialism were not re-infected by capitalist ideas coming in from outside the people's collectivist . What countries are currently ruled by dictatorships? - Quora [34] When a one-party dictatorship develops gradually through legal means, in can result in conflict between the party organization and the state apparatus and civil service, as the party rules in parallel and increasingly appoints its own members to positions of power. As you can see, fascism was at its highest popularity during the 1930's. 1. They may be military officers, party members, or friends and family of the dictator. [149] Military and one-party dictatorships are more likely to experience terrorism than personalist dictatorships, as these regimes are under more pressure to undergo institutional change in response to terrorism.[150]. One of its most notable examples was Holodomor, where Joseph Stalin blamed the shortages of grain on "enemies of the state" who hoarded it. Venezuela has a presidential government. Today, they are "elected," as true democracies helplessly look on . [26] Ruling parties in one-party dictatorships are distinct from political parties that were created to serve a dictator in that the ruling party in a one-party dictatorship permeates every level of society. The first distinction made is whether a country has a government has legislative responsibility, i.e. [148], Terrorism is less common in dictatorships. [11][12] He describes totalitarian regimes as exercising control over politics and political mobilization rather than merely suppressing it. The methodology is derived from the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, regardless of geopolitical, geographic, ethnic or religious considerations. But for today, these are the world's dictatorships. Examples of Fascism. [10] Political scientist Juan Jos Linz identifies a spectrum of political systems with democracies and totalitarian regimes separated by authoritarian regimes with varied classifications of hybrid systems. Its purpose is to collect information, mobilize society, and induce compliance with the dictatorships directives. [8], Totalitarianism is a variation of dictatorship characterized by the presence of a single political party and more specifically, by a powerful leader who imposes personal and political prominence. Political system - Dictatorship | Britannica [126]This tactic involves policies on land reform, poverty alleviation, public health, housing, education, and employment programs that force citizens to be dependent on the state for relatively adequate living standards. It is bordered by Pakistan in the south and east; Iran in the west; Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, and Tajikistan in the north; and China in the far northeast. 14 most cruel dictators who almost destroyed Humankind - World-Wire Some of the most famous dictators in history include Adolf Hitler, Joseph Stalin, and Saddam Hussein. In 1989, the Soviet Union was dissolved, and communism was abandoned by the countries of Central and Eastern Europe through a series of revolutions. A totalitarian government has "total control of mass communications and social and economic organizations". [1] Popularly elected means that the head of state is directly elected by the citizens or elected by an assembly which then elects them (an example being the electoral college in the United States).
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