public broadcasting in the united states quizlet

Subliminal Programming. Additional information on the IP closed captioning requirements can be found on the FCCs website, https://www.fcc.gov/general/closed-captioning-video-programming-delivered-using-internet-protocol-ip. 833683368336 is issued to replenish the fund, based on the following summary of petty cash receipts: office supplies, $295\$295$295; miscellaneous selling expense, $120\$120$120; miscellaneous administrative expense, $75\$75$75. The FCC reviews EEO compliance at the time it considers the station renewal application, when it reviews public file reports at the mid-point of license terms, when it receives EEO complaints, and during random station audits. The Commission has defined this program matter to include language that is both so grossly offensive to members of the public who actually hear it as to amount to a nuisance and is sexual or excretory in nature or derived from such terms. The FCC was vested with broader regulatory authority that included all radiotelephone activity, including the newly developing broadcast media FM radio and television, and added interstate telegraph and telephone communication (which had previously been under the control of the Interstate Commerce Commission) and wire and wireless common carrier Public television and radio in the U.S. has, from the late 1960s onward, dealt with severe criticism from conservative politicians and think-tanks (such as The Heritage Foundation), which allege that its programming has a leftist bias. Once techniques were perfected, radio became a necessity for military and commercial users alike. Other Broadcast Content Regulation The Commission sometimes receives complaints regarding the alleged use of subliminal perception techniques in broadcast programming. In international affairs, conservation has come to mean support for military intervention and the maintenance of American military power. We give full consideration to the broadcast complaints, comments, and other inquiries that the Commission receives. NPR produces its own programming (PBS, by contrast, does not create its own content, which is instead produced by select member stations and independent program distributors). Since 2000, all sets manufactured with screens 13 inches or larger must contain the V-Chip technology. Every three years, commercial TV stations must decide whether their relationship with each local cable system and satellite carrier that offers local service will be governed by must-carry or by retransmission consent agreements. Once techniques were perfected, radio became a necessity for military and commercial users alike. In many cases where there is interference on your television set or radio, the source of the problem could be with your equipment, which may not be adequately designed with circuitry or filtering to reject the unwanted signals of nearby transmitters. ch 7 PSC book Flashcards | Quizlet Class A TV Continuing Eligibility Documentation We prefer that you submit complaints in writing, although you may submit complaints that are time-sensitive by telephone, especially if they involve safety concerns. The number of member organizations flagship educational and community organizations that operate at least one station stood at 254, down 4% from the previous year. The FCC also requires television stations to make the local emergency information that they provide to viewers accessible to persons with disabilities. Support for freedom of speech, a free internet, and the press is higher in the United States than in most other countries in the world. Other articles where Radio Act is discussed: radio: The need for regulation: was accomplished with the landmark Radio Act of 1927. Virtually all licensees and permittees of TV and radio stations and applicants for new broadcast stations are required to maintain records that must be made available for public inspection. Women were guaranteed the right to vote with the passage of the ______ Amendment in 1920. A number of public stations are completely independent of these programming services, producing all or most of their content themselves. An officially expressed purpose or goal backed by a sanction is a a public policy The Radio Act of 1927 allowed major networks such as CBS and NBC to gain a 70 percent share of U.S. broadcasting by the early 1930s, earning them $72 million in profits by 1934 (McChesney, 1992). the National Public Radio (NPR) Privately owned media companies in the United States earn most of their revenue from The public file is an excellent resource to gauge a stations performance of its obligations as a Commission licensee. After the applicant (now considered a permittee) builds the station, it must file a license application in which it certifies that it has constructed the station consistent with the technical and other terms specified in its construction permit. When filing these types of applications, the applicant is required to publish a series of notices, generally in a local newspaper, containing information similar to that noted above regarding renewal applications. The FCC requires certain apparatus that receive, play back, or record video programming to make available a secondary audio stream for providing video description services and accessible emergency information. Commercial television broadcast licensees must limit the amount of commercial matter that may be aired during childrens programs to not more than 10.5 minutes per hour on weekends and not more than 12 minutes per hour on weekdays. Additional information concerning this requirement can be found on the FCC's website at Accessibility of Emergency Information on Television. Rates charged for broadcast time are matters for private negotiation between sponsors and stations. public broadcasting in the united states quizlet. 9.1 The Evolution of Television - Understanding Media and Culture Instructions for filing informal objections can be found at https://www.fcc.gov/consumers/guides/filing-informal-complaint. The Media Bureaus database will also indicate the date the application appeared on Public Notice. Television, radio, and digital media that receive partial funding from license fees and government subsidies is known as public broadcasting. There is a very plausible argument that public service broadcasting (PSB), as an idea and a set of institutions, was one of the singular, great creations of the 20th century. This requirement is grounded in the principle that members of the public should know who is trying to persuade them with the programming being aired. cookie run: kingdom apk 2022 . The Public Broadcasting Service (PBS) is the primary non-profit television service, with 349 member public broadcasters. Donor Lists for Non-Commercial Educational Channels ("NCEs") Except for certain classes of political advertisements, station licensees have full discretion to accept or reject any advertising. NET was shut down by the Ford Foundation and the Corporation for Public Broadcasting after the network refused to stop airing documentaries on varying social issues that had received critical acclaim for their hard-hitting focus, but alienated many of the network's affiliates. An average person, applying contemporary community standards, must find that the material, as a whole, appeals to the prurient interest; The material must depict or describe, in a patently offensive way, sexual conduct specifically defined by applicable law; and. Objectionable Programming. It provides a brief overview of the regulation of broadcast radio and television licensees, describing how the FCC authorizes broadcast stations, the various rules relating to broadcast programming and operations that stations must comply with, and the essential obligation of licensees that their stations serve their local communities. It is not a comprehensive or controlling statement of the FCCs broadcast rules and policies. The FCC has stated that rigging or slanting the news is a most heinous act against the public interest. The Commission will investigate a station for news distortion if it receives documented evidence of rigging or slanting, such as testimony or other documentation, from individuals with direct personal knowledge that a licensee or its management engaged in the intentional falsification of the news. Which of the following statements best characterizes media ownership in the United States? Which of the following sets of terms best describes America's fundamental political values? For a more complete description of these procedures and requirements, see https://www.fcc.gov/media/television/broadcast-television-license-renewal for television for television, and https:www.fcc.gov/media/radio/broadcast-radio-license-renewal for radio. During American radio's Golden Age, much of the programming heard by listeners was controlled by advertising agencies . Email address: fccinfo@fcc.gov. Which of the following statements best characterizes the traditional news media's relationship to objectivity? (with the notable exceptions of the United States, Mexico and Brazil). Broadcast Journalism Individual stations, such as New Yorks WNYC and Chicagos WBEZ, produce nationally syndicated original journalism as well. Local stations derive some of the funding for their operations through regular pledge drives seeking individual and corporate donations, and corporate underwriting. TV stations make these announcements on-screen or by voice only. Lotteries conducted as a promotional activity by commercial organizations that are clearly occasional and ancillary to the primary business of that organization, as long as the lotteries are authorized or not otherwise prohibited by the state in which they are conducted. The Childrens Television Act of 1990 (CTA) imposes two requirements on television broadcasters relating to children's video programming: Commercial Limits. Nevertheless, there are two issues related to broadcast journalism that are subject to Commission regulation: hoaxes and news distortion. All the major broadcast networks and most of the major cable networks encode their programming with this ratings information to work with the V-Chip. By public service broadcasting, I mean a system that is nonprofit and noncommercial, supported by public funds, ultimately accountable in some legally defined way to the citizenry, aimed at providing a service to the entire population, and one which does not apply commercial principles as the primary means to determine its programming. These efforts must include information and assistance sufficiently specific to enable the complaining party to eliminate all blanketing interference and not simply an attempt by the station to correct the problems. The total number of individual members defined as anyone who has given money to one of the stations owned by these 123 licensees in each calendar year in 2019 was 2.4 million, about the same as the previous year. How to File a Loud Commercial Complaint. Alternatively, you can also file an informal objection, which has fewer procedural requirements, often takes the form of a simple letter, and will be considered if received at any time before we either grant or deny the application. Pacifica runs other stations in Los Angeles, New York City, Washington, D.C. and Houston, as well as repeater stations and a large network of affiliates. Once the application is received, the FCC will issue a Public Notice and begin a 30-day period during which petitions to deny the application can be filed. The items required to be in a stations public file, the rule section requiring the filing, and the retention period for each item are listed below. although completely objective reporting is unattainable because people inevitably have biases that shape their understanding of events, journalists attempt to be objective by reporting both sides of a story. It conducts public opinion polling, demographic research, media content analysis and other empirical social science research. Educational and Informational Programming. A PDF version of this document is available HERE. If a station airs a disclaimer before the broadcast that clearly characterizes the program as fiction and the disclaimer is presented in a reasonable manner under the circumstances, the program is presumed not to pose foreseeable public harm. The "peculiar institution" was a phrase used by southerners describe What was the result of the Compromise of 1877? Low power television and television translator stations were required to complete their transition to digital by July 31, 2021. You can submit a protest against a stations license renewal application.

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